For nearly 50 years, noninvasive recordings from the eye (ERG) and the occipital cortex (VEP) have been used to study the normal and abnormal human visual system. As conventionally recorded, the electroretinogram (ERG) and the visual evoked potential (VEP) yield a single response from the entire field of view. Thus, these techniques do not provide spatial (topographical) information about visual function. The multifocal technique, introduced by Erich Sutter and colleagues, allows scores of spatially local ized electroretinograms (mfERG) or visual evoked potentials (mfVEP) to be recorded simultaneously. This lecture will: 1. Provide an introduction to both the mfERG and mfVEP techniques; 2. Relate these measures to traditional ERG and VEP measures; 3. Disc u ss the cellular bases of these responses; 4. Describe how these potentials can be related to behavioral measure of local sensitivity (i.e. visual fields); and 5. Provide examples of how the mfERG and mfVEP are being used in the clinic and in clinical re se arch.c.