September 2017
Volume 17, Issue 10
Open Access
Vision Sciences Society Annual Meeting Abstract  |   August 2017
Visual-motor transformations at the Neuronal Level in the Gaze System
Author Affiliations
  • J. Douglas Crawford
    Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Journal of Vision August 2017, Vol.17, 378. doi:https://doi.org/10.1167/17.10.378
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      J. Douglas Crawford; Visual-motor transformations at the Neuronal Level in the Gaze System. Journal of Vision 2017;17(10):378. https://doi.org/10.1167/17.10.378.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

The fundamental question in perceptual-motor integration is how, and at what level, do sensory signals become motor signals? Does this occur between brain areas, within brain areas, or even within individual neurons? Various training or cognitive paradigms have been combined with neurophysiology and/or neuroimaging to address this question, but the visuomotor transformations for ordinary gaze saccades remain elusive. To address these questions, we developed a method for fitting visual and motor response fields against various spatial models without any special training, based on trial-to-trial variations in behavior (DeSouza et al. 2011). More recently we used this to track visual-motor transformations through time. We find that superior colliculus and frontal eye field visual responses encode target direction, whereas their motor responses encode final gaze position relative to initial eye orientation (Sajad et al. 2015; Sadeh et al. 2016). This occurs both between neuron populations, but can also be observed within individual visuomotor cells. When a memory delay is imposed, a gradual transition of intermediate codes is observed (perhaps due to an imperfect memory loop), with a further 'leap' toward gaze motor coding in the final memory-motor transformation (Sajad et al. 2016). However, we found a similar spatiotemporal transition even within the brief burst of neural activity that accompanies a reactive, visually-evoked saccade. What these data suggest is that visuomotor transformations are a network phenomenon that is simultaneously observable at the level of individual neurons, and distributed across different neuronal populations and structures.

Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2017

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