July 2019
Volume 19, Issue 8
Open Access
OSA Fall Vision Meeting Abstract  |   July 2019
Cortically-stimulating gratings reveal non-cardinal colors better than do LGN-stimulating spots
Author Affiliations
  • Jorge Rodriguez
    Wabash College
  • Colby Dunigan
    Wabash College
  • Carson Powell
    Wabash College
  • Karen Gunther
    Psychology, Wabash College
Journal of Vision July 2019, Vol.19, 88. doi:https://doi.org/10.1167/19.8.88
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      Jorge Rodriguez, Colby Dunigan, Carson Powell, Karen Gunther; Cortically-stimulating gratings reveal non-cardinal colors better than do LGN-stimulating spots. Journal of Vision 2019;19(8):88. https://doi.org/10.1167/19.8.88.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

We are examining the ability of spots versus gratings to reveal non-cardinal colors. Neurons in the LGN respond better to spots, while cortical neurons respond better to gratings (DeValois, Cottaris, Elfar, Mahon, & Wilson, 2000). In addition, non-cardinal mechanisms are known to not emerge until the cortex (Gegenfurtner, 2003). Thus, non-cardinal mechanisms should be more likely to be revealed with cortically-stimulating gratings than LGN-stimulating spots. This has been shown in the isoluminant color plane in macaque monkeys (Stoughton, Lafer-Sousa, Gagin, & Conway, 2012) and in the RG/LUM color plane in humans (Gegenfurtner & Kiper, 1992). Recent reviews of non-cardinal mechanisms (Eskew, 2009) and S-cone vision (Smithson, 2014) do not report that this has yet been examined in the TRIT/LUM color plane. We are filling in this gap by testing all three color planes, using both spots and gratings, in the same study and in the same species (human). Thresholds to detect spot or grating stimuli are measured in aligned or orthogonal speckled noise. For example, an orange/turquoise grating may be presented in orange/turquoise or purple/lime noise. Evidence for separate underlying neural mechanisms is seen when the threshold to detect the stimulus in aligned noise is greater than in orthogonal noise. All stimuli in the isoluminant plane are individually isoluminant via heterochromatic flicker photometry. Non-cardinal colors are created in equal threshold space. We aim to test 10 subjects in each color plane; preliminary results with 5–6 subjects per color plane are largely following predictions.

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