August 2023
Volume 23, Issue 9
Open Access
Vision Sciences Society Annual Meeting Abstract  |   August 2023
The Costs of Paying Overt and Covert Attention Assessed with Pupillometry
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Damian Koevoet
    Helmholtz Institute, Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University
  • Christoph Strauch
    Helmholtz Institute, Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University
  • Marnix Naber
    Helmholtz Institute, Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University
  • Stefan Van der Stigchel
    Helmholtz Institute, Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University
  • Footnotes
    Acknowledgements  This work was supported by a European Resarch Council (ERC) Consolidator grant (863732) awarded to Stefan van der Stigchel.
Journal of Vision August 2023, Vol.23, 4883. doi:https://doi.org/10.1167/jov.23.9.4883
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      Damian Koevoet, Christoph Strauch, Marnix Naber, Stefan Van der Stigchel; The Costs of Paying Overt and Covert Attention Assessed with Pupillometry. Journal of Vision 2023;23(9):4883. https://doi.org/10.1167/jov.23.9.4883.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Attention can be shifted with (overtly) or without an accompanying saccade (covertly). Thus far, it is unknown how effortful these shifts are, yet quantification of such cognitive costs is necessary to understand how and when attention is deployed overtly or covertly in a given situation. Here, we use pupillometry to show that overt shifts are more costly than shifting attention covertly, likely because executing saccades is more complex. We pose that these differential costs will, in part, determine whether attention is shifted overtly or covertly in a given context. A subsequent experiment showed that relatively complex oblique saccades are more costly than relatively simple saccades in horizontal or vertical directions. This provides a possible explanation for the cardinal direction bias of saccades. The utility of a cost-perspective as presented here is vital to further our understanding of the multitude of decisions involved in processing and interacting with the external world efficiently.

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