September 2024
Volume 24, Issue 10
Open Access
Vision Sciences Society Annual Meeting Abstract  |   September 2024
Oculomotor control in fine shape and stereo judgements during natural head movements
Author Affiliations & Notes
  • Michele A. Cox
    University of Rochester
  • Ashley M. Clark
    University of Rochester
  • Paul Jolly
    University of Rochester
  • Sanjana Kapisthalam
    University of Rochester
  • Yuanhao H. Li
    University of Rochester
  • Ruitao Lin
    University of Rochester
  • Soma Mizobuchi
    University of Rochester
  • T. Scott Murdison
    Reality Labs
  • Alina Neverodska
    University of Rochester
  • Jie Z. Wang
    University of Rochester
  • Zhetuo Zhao
    University of Rochester
  • Michele Rucci
    University of Rochester
  • Footnotes
    Acknowledgements  Supported by Reality Labs and NIH grants R01EY018363 and P30EY001319.
Journal of Vision September 2024, Vol.24, 939. doi:https://doi.org/10.1167/jov.24.10.939
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      Michele A. Cox, Ashley M. Clark, Paul Jolly, Sanjana Kapisthalam, Yuanhao H. Li, Ruitao Lin, Soma Mizobuchi, T. Scott Murdison, Alina Neverodska, Jie Z. Wang, Zhetuo Zhao, Michele Rucci; Oculomotor control in fine shape and stereo judgements during natural head movements. Journal of Vision 2024;24(10):939. https://doi.org/10.1167/jov.24.10.939.

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      © ARVO (1962-2015); The Authors (2016-present)

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Abstract

Recent studies have shown that humans exhibit remarkable precision in controlling eye movements during fixation. However, because of technical challenges in measuring eye movements, most of these studies were conducted as observers examined stimuli rendered on fixed-distance displays with their heads immobilized. Thus, little is known about the precision of natural, head-free fixation on real, three-dimensional objects. To overcome these limitations, we developed a system capable of measuring eye movements at high resolution during normal head movements. This device consists of a specifically-designed magnetic induction eye-tracker integrated with a motion capture system, together enabling simultaneous measurements of head and eye movements with arcminute (1/60th degree) resolution. Using this apparatus, we examined oculomotor control during fine discrimination of real objects at nearby working distances (30-60 cm). Targets were designed for either shape or a depth judgement and 3D printed from parametric models to scale angularly (1 degree) with viewing distance. The shape judgement consisted of reporting the position (left or right) of a 0.5 arcminute gap in a Landolt C. The depth judgement consisted of reporting whether the central prong of a 3-pronged fork was closer or farther than the two flankers (0.5 arcminute disparity; horizontal prong spacing and diameter 0.2 degrees). Normal-sighted observers (N=10) performed these tasks while seated and were allowed to freely move their heads. Trials were self-paced and ended with verbal reports. Our data show that head-eye control differs in shape and depth judgements. Head rotations and translations were attenuated and fixations considerably longer in the stereo judgements. The eye-in-head speed of intersaccadic fixation was also reduced during the stereo judgement, an effect that persisted even after controlling for head motion differences across tasks. Computational modeling is used to explore the benefits of longer, slower fixations for fine depth discrimination.

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